```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Zookeeper分布式锁实现详解 | 技术小馆</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/font-awesome/6.4.0/css/all.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/tailwindcss/2.2.19/tailwind.min.css">
    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Serif+SC:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Noto+Sans+SC:wght@300;400;500;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
    <style>
        body {
            font-family: 'Noto Sans SC', Tahoma, Arial, Roboto, "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Droid Sans Fallback", "Heiti SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", Simsun, sans-serif;
            line-height: 1.8;
            color: #333;
            background-color: #f8f9fa;
        }
        .heading-font {
            font-family: 'Noto Serif SC', serif;
        }
        .prose p, .prose ul, .prose ol {
            margin-bottom: 1.5em;
        }
        .prose li {
            margin-bottom: 0.5em;
            position: relative;
            padding-left: 1.5em;
        }
        .prose li:before {
            content: "•";
            position: absolute;
            left: 0;
            color: #4f46e5;
            font-weight: bold;
        }
        .code-block {
            background-color: #1e293b;
            color: #f8fafc;
            border-radius: 0.5rem;
            overflow-x: auto;
        }
        .code-block pre {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 1.25rem;
        }
        .highlight {
            position: relative;
        }
        .highlight:after {
            content: "";
            position: absolute;
            left: 0;
            bottom: 0;
            width: 100%;
            height: 2px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, #4f46e5, #a855f7);
            transform: scaleX(0);
            transform-origin: right;
            transition: transform 0.3s ease;
        }
        .highlight:hover:after {
            transform: scaleX(1);
            transform-origin: left;
        }
        .card-hover:hover {
            transform: translateY(-5px);
            box-shadow: 0 10px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body class="antialiased">
    <!-- Hero Section -->
    <div class="relative bg-gradient-to-r from-indigo-600 to-purple-600 text-white py-20 px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
        <div class="max-w-4xl mx-auto text-center">
            <h1 class="heading-font text-4xl sm:text-5xl md:text-6xl font-bold mb-6 leading-tight">
                Zookeeper分布式锁实现解析
            </h1>
            <p class="text-xl sm:text-2xl opacity-90 max-w-3xl mx-auto">
                深入理解分布式系统中共享资源的互斥访问机制
            </p>
            <div class="mt-10">
                <span class="inline-flex items-center px-4 py-2 bg-white bg-opacity-10 rounded-full text-sm font-medium">
                    <i class="fas fa-lock-open mr-2"></i> 分布式系统核心概念
                </span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <!-- Main Content -->
    <div class="max-w-4xl mx-auto px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8 py-12">
        <article class="prose prose-indigo prose-lg mx-auto">
            <p class="text-xl text-gray-700 mb-8">
                在分布式系统中，Zookeeper实现分布式锁是确保多个节点或进程间对共享资源互斥访问的常见解决方案。本文将深入解析其实现原理、步骤及应用场景。
            </p>

            <div class="grid md:grid-cols-2 gap-8 mb-12">
                <div class="bg-white p-6 rounded-xl shadow-md transition-all duration-300 card-hover">
                    <div class="flex items-center mb-4">
                        <div class="bg-indigo-100 p-3 rounded-full mr-4">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-indigo-600 text-xl"></i>
                        </div>
                        <h3 class="heading-font text-xl font-bold text-gray-800">优点分析</h3>
                    </div>
                    <ul class="space-y-2">
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <span>保证互斥性：同一时间只有一个客户端获得锁</span>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <span>可靠性高：节点操作的原子性保障</span>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <span>易于实现：临时顺序节点提供简洁方案</span>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>

                <div class="bg-white p-6 rounded-xl shadow-md transition-all duration-300 card-hover">
                    <div class="flex items-center mb-4">
                        <div class="bg-red-100 p-3 rounded-full mr-4">
                            <i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle text-red-600 text-xl"></i>
                        </div>
                        <h3 class="heading-font text-xl font-bold text-gray-800">缺点分析</h3>
                    </div>
                    <ul class="space-y-2">
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-times text-red-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <span>性能开销：网络通信和节点操作成本</span>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-times text-red-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <span>复杂性：需要额外代码处理节点监视</span>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-times text-red-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <span>锁粒度：节点级别控制灵活性受限</span>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>

            <h2 class="heading-font text-3xl font-bold mt-12 mb-6 highlight">Zookeeper实现分布式锁的步骤</h2>

            <div class="flex items-start mb-8">
                <div class="bg-indigo-600 text-white rounded-full w-10 h-10 flex items-center justify-center flex-shrink-0 mr-4">
                    <span class="font-bold">1</span>
                </div>
                <div>
                    <h3 class="heading-font text-2xl font-semibold mb-3">创建锁节点</h3>
                    <ul>
                        <li><strong>创建根节点</strong>：在Zookeeper中创建一个专门用于锁的根节点（如<code>/locks</code>），用来存储所有的锁节点。</li>
                        <li><strong>创建临时顺序节点</strong>：客户端需要获取锁时，在根节点下创建一个临时顺序节点（例如<code>/locks/lock-000001</code>）。临时节点的顺序号确保了节点的顺序。</li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="flex items-start mb-8">
                <div class="bg-indigo-600 text-white rounded-full w-10 h-10 flex items-center justify-center flex-shrink-0 mr-4">
                    <span class="font-bold">2</span>
                </div>
                <div>
                    <h3 class="heading-font text-2xl font-semibold mb-3">检查锁的状态</h3>
                    <ul>
                        <li><strong>获取当前最小节点</strong>：客户端创建节点后，检查根节点下的所有节点，判断自己创建的节点是否是当前最小的顺序号节点。如果是最小的节点，则获取到锁。</li>
                        <li><strong>等待前一个节点的删除</strong>：如果不是最小节点，客户端需要监听自己前一个顺序节点的删除事件，在前一个节点被删除时获取锁。</li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="flex items-start mb-8">
                <div class="bg-indigo-600 text-white rounded-full w-10 h-10 flex items-center justify-center flex-shrink-0 mr-4">
                    <span class="font-bold">3</span>
                </div>
                <div>
                    <h3 class="heading-font text-2xl font-semibold mb-3">释放锁</h3>
                    <ul>
                        <li><strong>删除节点</strong>：客户端完成任务后，删除自己创建的锁节点，触发等待客户端的监听事件。</li>
                        <li><strong>自动释放</strong>：由于锁节点是临时节点，当客户端的Session结束时，节点会自动删除并释放锁。</li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>

            <h2 class="heading-font text-3xl font-bold mt-12 mb-6 highlight">实现原理图示</h2>

            <div class="bg-white p-6 rounded-xl shadow-md mb-12">
                <div class="mermaid">
                    graph TD
                        A[客户端请求锁] --> B[创建临时顺序节点]
                        B --> C{是否最小节点?}
                        C -->|是| D[获取锁]
                        C -->|否| E[监听前一个节点]
                        E --> F[前一个节点删除]
                        F --> D
                        D --> G[业务处理]
                        G --> H[删除节点释放锁]
                </div>
            </div>

            <h2 class="heading-font text-3xl font-bold mt-12 mb-6 highlight">示例代码</h2>

            <div class="code-block mb-12">
                <pre><code class="language-java">
import org.apache.zookeeper.*;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class DistributedLock {

    private final ZooKeeper zk;
    private final String lockRootPath = "/locks";
    private String currentNode;
    private String previousNode;
    private final CountDownLatch lockAcquired = new CountDownLatch(1);

    public DistributedLock(String zkConnectString) throws IOException {
        zk = new ZooKeeper(zkConnectString, 3000, event -> {
            if (event.getType() == Watcher.Event.EventType.NodeDeleted && event.getPath().equals(previousNode)) {
                lockAcquired.countDown();
            }
        });
    }

    public void acquireLock() throws Exception {
        createLockRootNodeIfNotExists();
        currentNode = zk.create(lockRootPath + "/lock-", new byte[0], ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
        checkAndWaitForLock();
    }

    private void createLockRootNodeIfNotExists() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
        Stat stat = zk.exists(lockRootPath, false);
        if (stat == null) {
            zk.create(lockRootPath, new byte[0], ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
        }
    }

    private void checkAndWaitForLock() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
        List&lt;String&gt; nodes = zk.getChildren(lockRootPath, false);
        nodes.sort(String::compareTo);
        if (currentNode.equals(lockRootPath + "/" + nodes.get(0))) {
            return;
        }
        previousNode = lockRootPath + "/" + nodes.get(nodes.indexOf(currentNode.substring(lockRootPath.length() + 1)) - 1);
        zk.exists(previousNode, true);
        lockAcquired.await();
    }

    public void releaseLock() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
        zk.delete(currentNode, -1);
    }

    public void close() throws InterruptedException {
        zk.close();
    }
}
                </code></pre>
            </div>

            <div class="bg-blue-50 border-l-4 border-blue-500 p-6 rounded-r-lg mb-12">
                <div class="flex">
                    <div class="flex-shrink-0">
                        <i class="fas fa-info-circle text-blue-500 text-xl mt-1 mr-3"></i>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                        <h3 class="heading-font text-xl font-bold text-blue-800 mb-2">关键概念说明</h3>
                        <p class="text-blue-700">
                            <strong>临时顺序节点(Ephemeral Sequential)</strong>：Zookeeper中的一种节点类型，具有会话绑定的生命周期和自动递增的序列号特性，非常适合实现分布式锁。
                        </p>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </article>
    </div>

    <!-- Footer -->
    <footer class="bg-gray-900 text-gray-300 py-12 px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
        <div class="max-w-4xl mx-auto">
            <div class="flex flex-col md:flex-row justify-between items-center">
                <div class="mb-4 md:mb-0">
                    <h3 class="heading-font text-xl font-bold text-white">技术小馆</h3>
                    <p class="mt-1 text-gray-400">探索技术之美，分享知识之光</p>
                </div>
                <div>
                    <a href="http://www.yuque.com/jtostring" class="text-indigo-400 hover:text-indigo-300 transition-colors duration-300">
                        <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt mr-2"></i> www.yuque.com/jtostring
                    </a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="mt-8 pt-8 border-t border-gray-800 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">
                &copy; 2023 技术小馆. 保留所有权利.
            </div>
        </div>
    </footer>

    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid@latest/dist/mermaid.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        mermaid.initialize({
            startOnLoad: true,
            theme: 'dark',
            flowchart: {
                useMaxWidth: true,
                htmlLabels: true,
                curve: 'basis'
            }
        });
        
        // Smooth scroll for internal links
        document.querySelectorAll('a[href^="#"]').forEach(anchor => {
            anchor.addEventListener('click', function (e) {
                e.preventDefault();
                document.querySelector(this.getAttribute('href')).scrollIntoView({
                    behavior: 'smooth'
                });
            });
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>
```